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In gas nitriding the donor is a nitrogen rich gas, usually ammonia (NH3), which is why it is sometimes known as ammonia nitriding. When ammonia comes into contact with the heated work piece it disassociates into nitrogen and hydrogen. The nitrogen then diffuses onto the surface of the material creating a nitride layer. This process has existed for nearly a century, though only in the last few decades has there been a concentrated effort to investigate the thermodynamics and kinetics involved. Recent developments have led to a process that can be accurately controlled. The thickness and phase constitution of the resulting nitriding layers can be selected and the process optimized for the particular properties required.
The advantages of gas nitriding over the other variants are :
Precise control of chemical potential of nitrogen in the nitriding atmosphere by controling gas flow rate of nitrogen and oxygen.
All round nitriding effect (can be a disadvantage in some cases, compared with plasma nitriding)
Large batch sizes possible - the limiting factor being furnace size and gas flow
With modern computer control of the atmosphere the nitriding results can be closely controlled
Relatively low equipment cost - especially compared with plasma
Facilities :
Gas Nitriding/Nitrocarburizing (900° - 1200°F)
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